When and for whom is orthodontic treatment recommended?
Orthodontic treatment is recommended for individuals who wish to enjoy a beautiful, properly aligned smile – to correct irregular tooth alignment and bite, enhance aesthetics, and improve chewing function. Orthodontic treatment improves the appearance of teeth, enhances masticatory function, and helps maintain healthy gums, teeth, and the temporomandibular joint.
When is it recommended to start orthodontic treatment?
The first visit to an orthodontist is recommended at the age of 7–8 years. During this initial visit, the orthodontist evaluates whether orthodontic treatment may be necessary.
During the examination, the orthodontist assesses:
- irregularities in the sequence of tooth eruption,
- possible crowding of teeth,
- excessive spacing between teeth,
- absence of tooth buds,
- abnormalities in jaw growth.
Based on the findings, the orthodontist determines the optimal time to begin treatment and selects the most appropriate method.
Orthodontic treatment is most commonly recommended during adolescence, once all primary teeth have been replaced but while the child is still growing. The best results are typically achieved between the ages of 10 and 16.
Early diagnosis and treatment of orthodontic issues help prevent more complex problems. Early treatment is usually shorter and easier.
However, orthodontic treatment can also be successfully applied to adults. When appropriate appliances and techniques are selected, excellent results can be achieved.
Before starting orthodontic treatment, it is recommended to treat or extract decayed teeth. However, aesthetic procedures such as cosmetic fillings or teeth whitening should be postponed until after orthodontic treatment.
What signs indicate that a child may need orthodontic treatment?
- Thumb sucking
- Premature or delayed loss of primary teeth
- Crowded teeth
- Crooked or misaligned teeth
- Mouth breathing
- Facial asymmetry
- Orthodontic treatment should also be considered if:
- the child has difficulty chewing,
- the lower jaw shifts to one side when opening the mouth,
- there is a gap between the upper and lower teeth when biting,
- the child frequently bites the cheek or palate.
What appliances are used in orthodontic treatment?
Various appliances are used depending on the case.
Removable appliances
Milder cases are typically treated with removable orthodontic appliances, such as:
- plates,
- removable functional appliances,
- extraoral traction devices.
These can be removed by the patient, making them easier to maintain. They are also more affordable than fixed appliances but tend to break more easily.
Removable appliances are made of an acrylic base with stainless steel wires and clasps, which help retain them on the teeth. They are usually positioned on the palatal or lingual side and are most suitable for expanding the upper jaw.
Successful results depend on strict adherence to the orthodontist’s instructions and wearing schedule.
Fixed appliances (braces)
More complex cases are treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, which can only be removed by a specialist. Although they may cause some discomfort, they are the most effective treatment method.
The most common fixed appliances are braces, which are used to correct tooth alignment and bite anomalies. Braces are bonded to the tooth surface and connected with a metal archwire.
In some cases, orthodontic implants may be required. These provide additional anchorage for braces or other appliances. They are temporary and placed in the bone during a minor surgical procedure.
Types of braces – how to choose the right one?
There are several types of braces, and choosing the most suitable option can be challenging. Orthodontists at OZO Esthetic Dentistry and Implantology Clinic help patients select the most appropriate solution during consultation.
Metal braces – the most commonly used type. Treatment is slightly faster but less aesthetic.
Ceramic braces – less visible and more aesthetic, but more expensive and slower in treatment. Damaged brackets must be replaced.
Self-ligating braces – modern braces with a special locking mechanism. They use lighter forces, reduce friction, shorten treatment time, and require fewer visits. However, they are not suitable for all cases.
Lingual braces – the most aesthetic, as they are attached to the inner (lingual) surface of the teeth. However, they are more expensive, may irritate the tongue, and are not suitable for all cases.
How long does it take to place braces and is it painful?
There is no need to worry – the procedure is completely painless. Placing braces on one jaw takes approximately one hour.
After the procedure:
- teeth may feel sore for a few days,
- braces may irritate the oral mucosa.
- Pain relief medication is usually prescribed if needed.
Does treatment end after braces are removed?
No. After braces are removed, retention appliances (retainers) are provided.
These must be worn for the period prescribed by the orthodontist. Failure to do so may cause teeth to shift back to their original position.
A fixed retainer wire is often bonded to the inner side of the lower teeth.
A removable plate is usually provided for the upper jaw.
How often are follow-up visits required?
Follow-up visits are typically scheduled every 6–8 weeks.
With self-ligating braces, visits may be less frequent – every 8–10 weeks.
How long does orthodontic treatment usually take?
Treatment duration depends on the individual case, including:
- patient’s age,
- growth status,
- severity of the malocclusion,
- chosen treatment method.
Sometimes treatment lasts only a few months, but the average duration is about 2 years. Poor compliance with appointments or instructions can prolong treatment.
Is orthodontic treatment alone sufficient for a beautiful smile?
In some complex cases, orthodontic treatment alone is not sufficient. Surgical correction of the bite may be required, usually preceded by orthodontic preparation with braces.
